Edited and translated by Ye Xin, People's Daily Online
The Qing Dynasty was the last imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1911. It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and followed by the Republic of China.
In Qing Dynasty,only the upper crust, especially the imperial court and royal family can enjoy the use of gold wares --- a kind of high-class material symbolizing their status and wealth. At the same time, gold wares have their special status and value as important articles for being on friendly terms with foreign countries and they can also be bestowed to citizens as rewards. As a special craft, the engraving and manufacturing of gold wares is closely related to the fashion and aesthetics of upper crust, reflecting the requirements of the royal family and nobles.
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